mysql dump 备份

mysqldump –ignore-table 备份数据库时，忽略某些表

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mysqldump -h <host> -u <username> -p <schema> --ignore-table=schema.table1 --ignore-table=schema.table2 > db-data.sql

dump之前最好看下库里面有没有很大容量的表

  • lukcyjane - 查看mysql库大小，表大小，索引大小

  • 查看一个库中的情况 
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    SELECT CONCAT(table_schema,'.',table_name) AS 'Table Name', CONCAT(ROUND(table_rows/1000000,4),'M') AS 'Number of Rows', CONCAT(ROUND(data_length/(1024*1024*1024),4),'G') AS 'Data Size', CONCAT(ROUND(index_length/(1024*1024*1024),4),'G') AS 'Index Size', CONCAT(ROUND((data_length+index_length)/(1024*1024*1024),4),'G') AS'Total'FROM information_schema.TABLES WHERE table_schema LIKE 'test';
  • 查看所有库的大小 
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    mysql> use information_schema;
Database changed
mysql> select concat(round(sum(DATA_LENGTH/1024/1024),2),'MB') as data  from TABLES;

  • 查看指定库的大小

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    select concat(round(sum(DATA_LENGTH/1024/1024),2),'MB') as data  from TABLES where table_schema='jishi';
  • 查看指定库的指定表的大小 
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    select concat(round(sum(DATA_LENGTH/1024/1024),2),'MB') as data  from TABLES where table_schema='jishi' and table_name='a_ya';
  • 查看指定库的索引大小
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SELECT CONCAT(ROUND(SUM(index_length)/(1024*1024), 2), ' MB') AS 'Total Index Size' FROM TABLES  WHERE table_schema = 'jishi';
  • 查看指定库的指定表的索引大小
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SELECT CONCAT(ROUND(SUM(index_length)/(1024*1024), 2), ' MB') AS 'Total Index Size' FROM TABLES  WHERE table_schema = 'test' and table_name='a_yuser';

备份Redmine数据库的例子

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mysqldump -u root -p --ignore-table=bitnami_redmine.changes --ignore-table=bitnami_redmine.changesets bitnami_redmine > redmine-without-chagnes-$(date "+%Y-%m-%d_%H%M%S").sql

dump 时候不用输入密码

  1. 在mysql client的配置文件 /etc/my.conf 写密码 
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     [client]
 port = 3306
 socket = /tmp/mysql.sock
 default-character-set = utf8mb4
 host = localhost
 host=localhost
 user=数据库用户
 password='数据库密码'
  2. 使用 mysqldump 时添加参数 --defaults-extra-file=/etc/my.cnf

mysqldump –no-data 只备份表结构

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mysqldump -h <host> -u <username> -p <schema> --no-data > db-structure.sql

dump 单张表

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mysqldump -u root -p mydatabase table1 > table1.sql

dump 后兼容sqlite3导入

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mysqldump --skip-extended-insert -u root -p --ignore-table=bitnami_redmine.changes --ignore-table=bitnami_redmine.changesets bitnami_redmine > redmine-without-chagnes.sql

# 使用 mysql2sqlite 脚本生产sqlite3数据库
./mysql2sqlite redmine-without-chagnes.sql | sqlite3 redmine.sqlite3