从源码安装MySQL

从源代码安装

官方文档的安装过程

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# Preconfiguration setup
shell> groupadd mysql
shell> useradd -g mysql mysql

# Beginning of source-build specific instructions
shell> tar zxvf mysql-VERSION.tar.gz
shell> cd mysql-VERSION
shell> ./configure --prefix=/usr/local/mysql
shell> make
shell> make install

# End of source-build specific instructions
# Postinstallation setup
shell> cd /usr/local/mysql
shell> chown -R mysql .
shell> chgrp -R mysql .
shell> bin/mysql_install_db --user=mysql
shell> chown -R root .
shell> chown -R mysql var

# Next command is optional
shell> cp support-files/my-medium.cnf /etc/my.cnf
shell> bin/mysqld_safe --user=mysql &

# Next command is optional
shell> cp support-files/mysql.server /etc/init.d/mysql.server

mysql 5.5.55 从源代码安装过程

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# Preconfiguration setup
shell> groupadd mysql
shell> useradd -r -g mysql -s /bin/false mysql

# Beginning of source-build specific instructions
shell> tar zxvf mysql-VERSION.tar.gz
shell> cd mysql-VERSION

shell> cmake . -DWITH_ARCHIVE_STORAGE_ENGINE=1 -DWITH_FEDERATED_STORAGE_ENGINE=1 \
-DWITH_BLACKHOLE_STORAGE_ENGINE=1 -DMYSQL_DATADIR=/opt/mysql-5.5.55/data/ \
-DCMAKE_INSTALL_PREFIX=/opt/mysql-5.5.55 -DINSTALL_LAYOUT=STANDALONE -DENABLED_PROFILING=ON \
-DMYSQL_MAINTAINER_MODE=OFF -DWITH_DEBUG=OFF \
-DDEFAULT_CHARSET=utf8 -DDEFAULT_COLLATION=utf8_general_ci -DENABLED_LOCAL_INFILE=TRUE -DWITH_ZLIB=bundled \
-DWITH_EXTRA_CHARSETS=all

shell> make
shell> make install

# End of source-build specific instructions
# Postinstallation setup
shell> cd /opt/mysql-5.5.55
shell> chown -R mysql .
shell> chgrp -R mysql .
shell> scripts/mysql_install_db --user=mysql
shell> chown -R root .
shell> chown -R mysql data

# Next command is optional
shell> cp support-files/my-medium.cnf /etc/my.cnf
shell> bin/mysqld_safe --user=mysql &

# Next command is optional
shell> cp support-files/mysql.server /etc/init.d/mysql.server

# use service
shell> service mysql.server status 或 start 或 stop

mysql 5.7.18 从源代码安装过程

  • 这个例子使用的是带 boost 的版本， mysql-boost-5.7.18.tar.gz
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# Preconfiguration setup
shell> groupadd mysql
shell> useradd -r -g mysql -s /bin/false mysql

# Beginning of source-build specific instructions
shell> tar zxvf mysql-VERSION.tar.gz
shell> cd mysql-VERSION

shell> cmake . -DWITH_ARCHIVE_STORAGE_ENGINE=1 -DWITH_FEDERATED_STORAGE_ENGINE=1 \
-DWITH_BLACKHOLE_STORAGE_ENGINE=1 -DMYSQL_DATADIR=/opt/mysql/mysql-5.7.18/data/ \
-DCMAKE_INSTALL_PREFIX=/opt/mysql/mysql-5.7.18 -DINSTALL_LAYOUT=STANDALONE -DENABLED_PROFILING=ON \
-DMYSQL_MAINTAINER_MODE=OFF -DWITH_DEBUG=OFF \
-DDEFAULT_CHARSET=utf8 -DDEFAULT_COLLATION=utf8_general_ci -DENABLED_LOCAL_INFILE=TRUE -DWITH_ZLIB=bundled \
-DWITH_BOOST=boost/boost_1_59_0/ \
-DWITH_EXTRA_CHARSETS=all

shell> make
shell> make install

# End of source-build specific instructions
# Postinstallation setup
shell> cd /opt/mysql/mysql-5.7.18
shell> chown -R mysql .
shell> chgrp -R mysql .
shell> vim /etc/my.cnf

[mysqld]
datadir=/var/lib/mysql
socket=/var/lib/mysql/mysql.sock
user=mysql
# Disabling symbolic-links is recommended to prevent assorted security risks
symbolic-links=0

[mysqld_safe]
log-error=/var/log/mysqld.log
pid-file=/var/run/mysqld/mysqld.pid

shell> ./bin/mysql_install_db --defaults-file=/etc/my.cnf --user=mysql --basedir=/var/lib/mysql 

shell> chown -R mysql data

# Next command is optional
shell> cp support-files/my-medium.cnf /etc/my.cnf
shell> bin/mysqld_safe --user=mysql &

# Next command is optional
shell> cp support-files/mysql.server /etc/init.d/mysql.server

# use service
shell> service mysql.server status 或 start 或 stop

在 CentOS 6.8 上编辑的实际配置

./configure 在 centos 6.8 上执行的例子

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CFLAGS="-O3" CXX=gcc CXXFLAGS="-O3 -felide-constructors \
       -fno-exceptions -fno-rtti" ./configure \
       --prefix=/usr/local/mysql-5.1.72 --localstatedir=/var/lib/mysql-5.1.72 --enable-assembler \
       --with-mysqld-ldflags=-all-static \
       --without-man --without-docs --without-debug \
       --with-mysqld-user=mysql \
       --with-charset=utf8 --with-collation=utf8_general_ci \
       --with-extra-charsets=binary,ascii,latin1,latin2,latin5,latin7,gb2312,gbk,big5 \
       --with-plugins=csv,myisam,myisammrg,heap,innobase,archive,blackhole \
       --enable-local-infile --with-low-memory --without-geometry

安装后，无法启动

  • 没有初始化数据文件夹，会报错：

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    [ root@127: /usr/local/mysql-5.1.72 ] $ ./bin/mysqld_safe --defaults-file=/etc/my-5.1.72.cnf 
161123 16:47:01 mysqld_safe Logging to '/var/log/mysqld-5.1.72.log'.
161123 16:47:01 mysqld_safe Starting mysqld daemon with databases from /var/lib/mysql-5.1.72
161123 16:47:02 mysqld_safe mysqld from pid file /var/run/mysqld-5.1.72/mysqld.pid ended

  • 初始化数据文件夹

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    mkdir /var/run/mysqld-5.1.72
chown --reference /var/run/mysqld /var/run/mysqld-5.1.72
chmod --reference /var/run/mysqld /var/run/mysqld-5.1.72
mysql_install_db --datadir=/var/lib/mysql-5.1.72 --defaults-file=/etc/my-5.1.72.cnf --user=mysql

安装后，配置 my.cnf

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$ cat /etc/my-5.1.72.cnf 

[mysqld]
datadir=/var/lib/mysql-5.1.72
socket=/var/lib/mysql-5.1.72/mysql.sock
user=mysql
# Disabling symbolic-links is recommended to prevent assorted security risks
symbolic-links=0
port=3336

[mysqld_safe]
log-error=/var/log/mysqld-5.1.72.log
pid-file=/var/run/mysqld-5.1.72/mysqld.pid


lower_case_table_names=0

启动

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[ root@127: ] $ /usr/local/mysql-5.1.72/bin/mysqld_safe --defaults-file=/etc/my-5.1.72.cnf

连接数据库

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mysql -u root --port=3336 -p --socket=/var/lib/mysql-5.1.72/mysql.sock

修改密码

如果access denied ，无法登陆，尝试修改下密码

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/usr/local/mysql-5.1.72/bin/mysqladmin --defaults-file=/etc/my-5.1.72.cnf --socket=/var/lib/mysql-5.1.72/mysql.sock -u root password 'your-pass'

关闭服务器、查看服务器状态

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/usr/local/mysql-5.1.72/bin/mysqladmin --defaults-file=/etc/my-5.1.72.cnf --socket=/var/lib/mysql-5.1.72/mysql.sock -u root -p status
/usr/local/mysql-5.1.72/bin/mysqladmin --defaults-file=/etc/my-5.1.72.cnf --socket=/var/lib/mysql-5.1.72/mysql.sock -u root -p shutdown

附录

使用 yum 安装的mysql文件分布

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[ root@127: /usr/local ] $ rpm -ql mysql.x86_64
/usr/bin/msql2mysql
/usr/bin/my_print_defaults
/usr/bin/mysql
/usr/bin/mysql_config
/usr/bin/mysql_find_rows
/usr/bin/mysql_waitpid
/usr/bin/mysqlaccess
/usr/bin/mysqladmin
/usr/bin/mysqlbinlog
/usr/bin/mysqlcheck
/usr/bin/mysqldump
/usr/bin/mysqlimport
/usr/bin/mysqlshow
/usr/bin/mysqlslap
/usr/lib64/mysql/mysql_config
/usr/lib64/mysql/mysqlbug
/usr/share/doc/mysql-5.1.73
/usr/share/doc/mysql-5.1.73/COPYING
/usr/share/doc/mysql-5.1.73/README
/usr/share/doc/mysql-5.1.73/README.mysql-docs
/usr/share/doc/mysql-5.1.73/README.mysql-license
/usr/share/man/man1/my_print_defaults.1.gz
/usr/share/man/man1/mysql.1.gz
/usr/share/man/man1/mysql_config.1.gz
/usr/share/man/man1/mysql_find_rows.1.gz
/usr/share/man/man1/mysql_waitpid.1.gz
/usr/share/man/man1/mysqlaccess.1.gz
/usr/share/man/man1/mysqladmin.1.gz
/usr/share/man/man1/mysqldump.1.gz
/usr/share/man/man1/mysqlshow.1.gz
/usr/share/man/man1/mysqlslap.1.gz

Trouble Shooting

运行 configure 时，报错 cannot remove ‘libtoolT’: No such file or directory error

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[mysql-x.x.x]# libtoolize --force
Using `AC_PROG_RANLIB' is rendered obsolete by `AC_PROG_LIBTOOL'
You should update your `aclocal.m4' by running aclocal.
[mysql-x.x.x]# aclocal
[mysql-x.x.x]# cp BUILD/compile-pentium64 ./compile
[mysql-x.x.x]# autoreconf

redmine 报错

  • 错误日志

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    Started GET "/redmine/issues/4492" for 127.0.0.1 at 2016-11-24 19:27:56 +0800

Mysql2::Error (Can't connect to local MySQL server through socket '/var/lib/mysql/mysql.sock' (2)):
  mysql2 (0.3.18) lib/mysql2/client.rb:70:in `connect'
  mysql2 (0.3.18) lib/mysql2/client.rb:70:in `initialize'
  activerecord (3.2.16) lib/active_record/connection_adapters/mysql2_adapter.rb:16:in `new'
  activerecord (3.2.16) lib/active_record/connection_adapters/mysql2_adapter.rb:16:in `mysql2_connection'
  activerecord (3.2.16) lib/active_record/connection_adapters/abstract/connection_pool.rb:315:in `new_connection'
  activerecord (3.2.16) lib/active_record/connection_adapters/abstract/connection_pool.rb:325:in `checkout_new_connection'
  activerecord (3.2.16) lib/active_record/connection_adapters/abstract/connection_pool.rb:247:in `block (2 levels) in checkout'
  activerecord (3.2.16) lib/active_record/connection_adapters/abstract/connection_pool.rb:242:in `loop'
  activerecord (3.2.16) lib/active_record/connection_adapters/abstract/connection_pool.rb:242:in `block in checkout'
  /usr/local/rvm/rubies/ruby-1.9.3-p551/lib/ruby/1.9.1/monitor.rb:211:in `mon_synchronize'
  activerecord (3.2.16) lib/active_record/connection_adapters/abstract/connection_pool.rb:239:in `checkout'
  activerecord (3.2.16) lib/active_record/connection_adapters/abstract/connection_pool.rb:102:in `block in connection'
  /usr/local/rvm/rubies/ruby-1.9.3-p551/lib/ruby/1.9.1/monitor.rb:211:in `mon_synchronize'
  activerecord (3.2.16) lib/active_record/connection_adapters/abstract/connection_pool.rb:101:in `connection'
  activerecord (3.2.16) lib/active_record/connection_adapters/abstract/connection_pool.rb:410:in `retrieve_connection'
  activerecord (3.2.16) lib/active_record/connection_adapters/abstract/connection_specification.rb:171:in `retrieve_connection'
  activerecord (3.2.16) lib/active_record/connection_adapters/abstract/connection_specification.rb:145:in `connection'

  • 解决方法

    • 参考：<http://stackoverflow.com/a/6412218

    修改 redmine-home/config/database.yml ，添加 socket 配置。

    production: adapter: mysql2 database: redmine host: localhost username: redmine password: "your-pass" encoding: utf8 socket: /var/lib/mysql-5.1.72/mysql.sock >

php 报错 ，Error Message: 2002 - Can’t connect to local MySQL server through socket

  • 报错

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    Connect to database testlink on Host localhost fails 
DBMS Error Message: 2002 - Can't connect to local MySQL server through socket '/var/lib/mysql-5.1.72/mysql.sock' (13)

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    Connect Error(2002) Can't connect to local MySQL server through socket '/var/lib/mysql/mysql.sock' (2)

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    yii framework 报错

CDbConnection failed to open the DB connection: SQLSTATE[HY000] [2002] Can't connect to local MySQL server through socket '/var/lib/mysql/mysql.sock' (2)

  • 解决方法

    将连接配置中 host 由 localhost 该为 127.0.0.1 可解决。

    但是如何让php-mysql的模块，不使用默认 socket ‘/var/lib/mysql/mysql.sock’ 没找到啊～～

    配置了 php.ini 中 mysql.default_socket=/where/socket/file，没用！！

php 报错，在 mysql 5.7

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Thu Nov 24 21:05:49 2016] [notice] Apache/2.2.15 (Unix) DAV/2 PHP/5.3.3 mod_ssl/2.2.15 OpenSSL/1.0.1e-fips SVN/1.8.13 configured -- resuming normal operations
[Thu Nov 24 21:05:57 2016] [error] [client 192.168.247.231] PHP Fatal error:  Call to undefined function mysql_connect() in /opt/server/testlink/testlink.1.9.5/testlink
/testlink-1.9.5/third_party/adodb/drivers/adodb-mysql.inc.php on line 364
[Thu Nov 24 21:06:03 2016] [error] [client 192.168.247.231] PHP Fatal error:  Call to undefined function mysql_connect() in /opt/server/testlink/testlink.1.9.5/testlink
/testlink-1.9.5/third_party/adodb/drivers/adodb-mysql.inc.php on line 364, referer: http://192.168.251.72/testlink/
[Thu Nov 24 21:06:09 2016] [error] [client 192.168.247.231] PHP Fatal error:  Call to undefined function mysql_connect() in /opt/server/testlink/testlink.1.9.5/testlink
/testlink-1.9.5/third_party/adodb/drivers/adodb-mysql.inc.php on line 364, referer: http://192.168.251.72/testlink/
[Thu Nov 24 21:07:00 2016] [error] [client 192.168.247.231] PHP Fatal error:  Call to undefined function mysql_connect() in /opt/server/testlink/testlink.1.9.5/testlink
/testlink-1.9.5/third_party/adodb/drivers/adodb-mysql.inc.php on line 364
[Thu Nov 24 21:07:02 2016] [error] [client 192.168.247.231] PHP Fatal error:  Call to undefined function mysql_connect() in /opt/server/testlink/testlink.1.9.5/testlink
/testlink-1.9.5/third_party/adodb/drivers/adodb-mysql.inc.php on line 364
[Thu Nov 24 21:09:32 2016] [error] [client 192.168.247.231] Directory index forbidden by Options directive: /opt/server/wiphone/wiphone/php_source/
[Thu Nov 24 21:09:37 2016] [error] [client 192.168.247.231] Directory index forbidden by Options directive: /opt/server/wiphone/wiphone/php_source/